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''Ioann Zlatoust'' ((ロシア語:Иоанн Златоуст)) was an pre-dreadnought battleship of the Imperial Russian Navy's Black Sea Fleet. She was built before World War I and her completion was greatly delayed by changes made to reflect the lessons of the Russo-Japanese War of 1905. She was the second ship of her class. She and her sister ship were the most modern ships in the Black Sea Fleet when World War I began and formed the core of the fleet for the first year of the war, before the dreadnoughts entered service. ''Ioann Zlatoust'' and ''Evstafi'' forced the German battlecruiser to disengage during the Battle of Cape Sarych shortly after Russia declared war on the Ottoman Empire in late 1914. She covered several bombardments of the Bosphorus fortifications in early 1915, including one where she was attacked by the ''Goeben'', but ''Ioann Zlatoust'', together with the other Russian pre-dreadnoughts, managed to drive her off. ''Ioann Zlatoust'' was relegated to secondary roles after the first dreadnought entered service in late 1915 and reduced to reserve in 1918 in Sevastopol. ''Ioann Zlatoust'' was captured when the Germans took the city in May 1918 and was turned over to the Allies after the Armistice in November 1918. Her engines were destroyed in 1919 by the British when they withdrew from Sevastopol to prevent the advancing Bolsheviks from using the ship against the ''White guards''. She was abandoned when the Whites evacuated the Crimea in 1920 and was scrapped by the Soviets in 1922–23. ==Description== ''Ioann Zlatoust'' was long at the waterline and long overall. She had a beam of and a maximum draft of . Her displacement was as completed.〔McLaughlin 2003, p. 147〕 She had two 3-cylinder vertical triple expansion steam engines driving two propellers. 22 Belleville water-tube boilers provided steam to the engines. The engines had a total designed output of and gave a top speed of . At full load she carried of coal that provided her a range of at a speed of . ''Ioann Zlatoust'' ran her propulsion trials on 26 July 1910 and reached a maximum speed of and her engines produced a total of . The navy was not satisfied and ran another test on 11 August which revealed cracks in the port engine's medium pressure cylinder. A final test was run on 29 November and the ship's horsepower increased slightly to .〔McLaughlin 2003, pp. 148, 151–52〕 ''Ioann Zlatoust''s Obukhovskii 12-inch Pattern 1895 40-calibre guns were mounted in two twin-gun turrets, one each fore and aft. Each turret had a firing arc of 260°.〔McLaughlin 2003, pp. 148, 150〕 All four 50-calibre Pattern 1905 guns were mounted in the corners of the superstructure in armoured casemates. These guns had a firing arc of 120° and could fire straight ahead or astern. The dozen Canet Pattern 1892 45-calibre guns were mounted in the lower casemates. The anti-torpedo boat armament consisted of 14 Canet Pattern 1892 50-calibre guns mounted in sponsons on the upper deck, protected by gun shields.〔McLaughlin 2003, p. 150〕 She carried two torpedo tubes on the broadside aft.〔McLaughlin 2003, p. 151〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Russian battleship Ioann Zlatoust」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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